My local hearth shop said I could use regular insulation around the thimble. They did suggest that I remove any paper backing from the insulation. That was last winter, but I still haven't pulled the trigger.
I was thinking about using this stuff, which is advertised to be resistant to heat up to 2150F. However, I'm still concerned about it (not that I have a rational reason, except Murphy's Law

).
http://www.lowes.com/pd_89017-1278-RXSS323_4294769460_4294937087_?productId=3285120&Ns=p_product_prd_lis_ord_nbr|0||p_product_qty_sales_dollar|1&pl=1¤tURL;=/pl_Stone+Wool+Insulation_4294769460_4294937087_?Ns=p_product_prd_lis_ord_nbr|0||p_product_qty_sales_dollar|1&facetInfo;=
Roxul 8-Pack 47"L x 23"W x 3"D 0-R Stone Wool Insulation Batts
8-Pack 47"L x 23"W x 3"D 0-R Stone Wool Insulation Batts
Excellent sound absorbency, sound deadening properties
Chemically inert
Does not rot or sustain vermin
Does not promote growth of fungi or mildew
CFC and HCFC free product and process
Friction fit to ensure optimum performance, no sag over the years
Better fit, flexible edge compensates for normal frame variability
Made from natural & recycled materials
User friendly - no fiberglass in product
Easily cut
Easier and faster to install
Water resistant
Non-combustible
Fire resistant - 2150 F