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How much wood is appropriate to start a fire in a Jotul Castine? I am always a bit hesitant to push the envelope to avoid the rocket ship fire, but is the fire box 3/4 full too much wood? Seasoned oak and hickory is what I use.
3/4 full is absolutely fine. Fill depending on what heat output you want. Overnights, i fill up to a half inch below the secondary plate. From a cold start, I will use a piece of supercedar, and a few skid pieces. When that is starting to take off, I start to add the medium splits and a larger one. The castine like seasoned wood and good draft. I hit temperatures in the 700's pretty commonly when burning oak and blacklocusts, so seeing temps get that high is not anything to worry about. The stove is one of the best built ones out there. You did your 3 pre burns already I take it?
I had it last year, and I did the three burns per the manual, but this years well seasoned oak and hickory is so much better than last year moderately seasoned variety. I have had no trouble starting the thing with SuperCedar, but I was curious as to how high I could stuff fire box without getting into trouble. I like it to level out around 600 so reloading is two or three medium splits. On the re-load two small N/S or thereabouts, and one large or medium split E/W on top of them.
Except for shoulder seasons, I always stuff it as full as I can. If cold start, I fill it up then remove the top front split and put in 1/4 SuperCedar, light it and replace the top split. Door stays open about 10min then close, at 400 3/4 open on air control, at 450 1/2 and at 500 1/4. If loading on hot coals, fill it up keep door open to get new wood burning close door, at 400 go to 1/2 air control at 450 1/4. Sometimes due to outside temps and/or wind, I have to close air down all the way.
Except for shoulder seasons, I always stuff it as full as I can. If cold start, I fill it up then remove the top front split and put in 1/4 SuperCedar, light it and replace the top split. Door stays open about 10min then close, at 400 3/4 open on air control, at 450 1/2 and at 500 1/4. If loading on hot coals, fill it up keep door open to get new wood burning close door, at 400 go to 1/2 air control at 450 1/4. Sometimes due to outside temps and/or wind, I have to close air down all the way.
A few weeks ago we had 25mph wind, with gusts around 40. Boy that stove burned easy. Today is cool and calm, but I have a good chimney with a good draw.
The other night when it was 12 below zero I put a full load in my Castine over a medium bed of coals. I turned the air down fairly quickly as I wanted a slow burn. Well the wood took off even with the air turned all the way down. The primary flames were kind of lazy but the secondaries were absolutely RAGING.
I thought the temperature was going to run away but it never went above 600 so I say load it up as much as you want especially from a cold start.
Sounds like you got it dialed in, load that puppy up and enjoy the heat. If your worried about it going nuclear, start closing the air down sooner when reloading on real hot coals. But load it right up, I typically run 500-650 for a few hours during off gassing then it drops over the next 3-4 hrs. If you find you can't control the burn your draft may be too strong you may need a flue damper. Keep a wad of aluminum foil close by, you can always use it to block off the air intake on the bottom back if you feel it cannot be controlled.
I think that was the worst possible scenario that I'll ever see - a super strong draft due to the cold outdoor temp., a hot stove, hot coals and a full load of dry wood. Even with all that the stove still didn't get out of control. I was prepared to do the aluminum foil trick but didn't need to.
If we have trouble lighting it is because we hit a bad section in our woodpile where moisture higher than 20%. I just keep the door open a bit longer and use another quarter of a supercedar after the first one burns out.