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Bark: Norway maple has very tight, even textured pattern. Sugar maple is more platey. Seeds: Norway is more spread out, and more flattened; sugar is more fattened, smaller and more turned downward Leaf: Norway has longer petiole and deeper sinuses with more even and pointy lobes, but big give-away is that Norway petiole will exude a white, milky sap when plucked off from twig.
Black maple with its cupped, more rounded, thicker and tougher leaf is more durable in the Midwest heat, and and is more prevalent in midwest. Sugar maple more consistent lobed leaf with deeper u-shaped sinus (Think 'U' for sugar).
The leaves in pic 1 are more characteristic of black than sugar. A stipule, a tiny, leafy appendage attached at the base of the petiole if noted is a dead give-away for black maple.
Barnes and Wagner make this note on Acer nigrum (black maple) in Michigan Trees (1981):
"...There is a continuum of forms intergrading with sugar maple, from which many botanists do not consider black maple distinct. Hybridization with sugar maple is likely. Reported to produce more and a better grade of maple syrup than sugar maple...."